MEMORY IN PRACTICE

The camp consisted of about 22 barracks, which were initially built by the city as accommodation for bomb-damaged people (the developer was GEWOFAG). Even before completion in 1943/44, about 1,000 “Eastern workers” from the “Führerhilfe” were housed there. The camp was handed over to the DAF administration at cost price. After 1945, the camp was converted into a refugee camp (residential camp for 650 people).

From 1941 to 1945, 600 to 700 French and Italian prisoners of war were housed in the school, including the 4th Kp.Kgf. Dachdecker-Btl.V. They were mostly used for clean-up and repair work after air raids.

The camp was built in 1940/41 as a model barracks camp. Initially, it was a transit camp of the labour office for the distribution of arriving forced labourers from Eastern Europe (this was then moved to Rothschwaige near Dachau). From the end of 1941, it was a camp for Russian officers, housing up to 800 prisoners of war, mainly from the Soviet Union, who had to work for various construction companies and the municipal gasworks. A work detail was available to the city for immediate emergency measures after air raids. In 1943, the camp was partially damaged in an air raid, and totally destroyed by fire in an attack on 2/3 October 1944. The prisoners were then transported to other camps, including Laim.

From 25 January 1944 until the end of the war in 1945, 92 forced labourers from France and 8 Greek women who worked for the Metzeler company were housed in the camp.

In September 1944, 590 forced labourers from 17 nations, including 120 women, were housed in the camp belonging to the company Süddeutsche Bremsen AG. Most of them worked for this company, whose premises were in the immediate vicinity.

Paulaner Brewery’s alternative camp

The camp at Sendlinger Wald was divided into two parts on the left and right of Zielstattstraße: Camp II for men had a capacity of 1,200 persons, Camp III for women of 1,000 persons. The camp was administered by the company F. Deckel, but many of the forced labourers housed there were employed by other companies. The camp was partially destroyed during the air raid on 6 July 1943, but was rebuilt afterwards.

The camp, which was located on the construction site of the motorway ring road, was occupied by up to 1,700 forced labourers, who were mainly forced to work for Krauss-Maffei AG.

Up to 1,500 civilian forced labourers, mainly from the Soviet Union, France and Greece, were housed in Camp II of the Krauss-Maffei company. Among them were about 200 women.

The Krauss-Maffei company used more than 5,000 forced labourers at times during the Second World War. In camps I and Ia, adjacent to the company premises, up to 1,600 men were housed: mainly French prisoners of war, but also civilian forced labourers from various countries (Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Croatia, the Soviet Union). The camp was converted into a refugee camp after 1945.

The barracks camp for foreign workers who had to work for BMW, located west of Leopoldstraße and north of Schenkendorfstraße, had a capacity of over 2,000 people. Forced labourers from different countries were accommodated.

In 1944, there were more than 500 prisoners of war in the camp, mainly from the Soviet Union. They were employed by the companies Mühlhofer und Pfahler GmbH, Georg Robel GmbH & Co, Daimler-Benz AG, Metallwerk Neumeyer, Süddeutsche Waggon- und Förderanlagen GmbH and the Reichsbahn, among others. During the bombing raid on the evening of 21 December 1942, three of the camp’s barracks burnt out.

This subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp housed prisoners of many nations who had to perform forced labour for the neighbouring BMW aircraft engine plants. Construction of the camp east of Dachauer Strasse began in March 1943 and was initially planned for 3,000 to 4,000 people. However, with the increasing demand for labour at BMW, the number of prisoners imprisoned there increased to about 10,000. In addition to aircraft engine production, they were also used for construction work. The number of prisoners who died or were directly murdered in the camp due to the hard work, inadequate care and accommodation can no longer be determined exactly. On 26 April 1945, some of the prisoners were forced on a death march towards the Alps. The prisoners who remained behind were liberated by US troops on 30 April 1945.

Bavaria Filmkunst GmbH Geiselgasteig had rented several rooms in the guesthouse since 1940 and housed forced labourers and a work detail of French prisoners of war there.

The camp, located directly east of Karlsfeld railway station in the Munich city area, was built in mid-1942 and had a capacity of 3,000 to 4,000 people. At the beginning of 1944, around 2,800 forced labourers, including 424 women, who had to work for BMW, were housed there.

The camp was set up in September 1944 and was occupied by about 500 female concentration camp prisoners from various countries (mainly Poland, the Soviet Union, the Netherlands, Yugoslavia, Belgium, France) who had been brought to Munich from Ravensbrück concentration camp. The accommodation was an unfinished apartment block in Weißenseestraße, most of which was still under construction. Inside were two-storey beds, a few wooden tables and stools. The camp was fenced in with barbed wire and guarded by a commanding officer, his deputy and 11 female SS supervisors. The imprisoned women were used for unskilled work in the production of aircraft parts at the IG Farben camera factory (Agfa) in Tegernseer Landstraße. The hygienic conditions in the camp and the supply of food and clothing were extremely poor, so that many women became seriously ill. When conditions deteriorated further in January 1945, some women refused to work in the factory in an extraordinary action. On 27 April 1945, the camp was dissolved and the women evacuated towards the Alps; they were liberated by US troops near Wolfratshausen.

In March 1945, about 1,000 forced labourers were housed in the camp.

The camp initially consisted of 9, later 13 barracks with a capacity of up to 1,300 people. It housed forced labourers of various nationalities who worked for the Dornier-Werke in Neuaubing. In July 1944 it was partially destroyed by air raids. After the war it was used as a refugee camp. In the 1980s, the site was built over by a housing estate.

Since 1941, up to 300 forced labourers who worked on the reconstruction of railway facilities for the Reichsbahn were in the camp.

The camp consisted of several barracks and had a capacity of up to 350 people. Forced labourers of various nationalities were housed there, who mainly had to work for the Reichsbahn.

The Barbaraheim, built in 1927 as an excursion pub and recreation home, was located at the south-east corner of the Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk Neuaubing. In 1941, the RAW set up a company nursery school there. Attached to it was a Nazi nurses’ home. From 1942 onwards, up to 260 forced labourers from various countries, who mainly worked for Dornier, were housed in an adjacent building.